Developmental disorders of renal disease

Some of the roughhewn snap offmental kidney disorders include polycystic kidney disease, nonheritable nephrotic disease, nephroblastoma, nephritic agenesis, duplication anomalies, fusion anomalies, malrotation, multicystic dysplastic kidney disease, renal dysplasia, renal hypoplasia, and so on congenital nephrotic disease is an inherited disorder that may present at birth in which the infant has proteins present in the urine (proteinuria) along with swelling of the body (oedema). The characterize is r ar and is usually found in children born in Finnish families. Children born with the disorder have a protein found in the urine, known as nephrin. some(prenominal)(prenominal) substances much(prenominal) as proteins, fats, birth proteins, etceteraargon excreted in the urine. The individuals develops several symptoms including swelling, low birth weight, malnutrion, kidney failure, poor appetite, infections, heading of blood in the urine, poor general health, cloudy appearan ce of the urine, etc (Charytan, 2006). adenomyosarcoma or Wilms tumour is a condition characterised by the establishment of a malignant tumour in the kidney. It commonly go throughs in infants and children. Wilms tumour is a very frequent tumour that develops in the paunch in children.The condition is frequently related to other birth defects such(prenominal) as urinary tract abnormalities, enlargement of one(a) half of the body, lose iris, etc. As the condition is more frequent in similar twins, it is considered to have a genetic link. The tumour seldom spreads to the other split of the body. one(a) in every 200, 000 children develop this disorder. The child may develop several symptoms including type AB pain and swelling, presence of blood in the urine, fever, exit of appetite, nausea, vomiting, malaise, hypertension, constipation, cloudiness of the urine, etc (Nanda, 2006).Polycystic renal disease (Cystic renal development disorder) is a familial condition in which the affect individuals develop cysts in the kidney. The condition is an autosomal dominant condition and the symptoms slight frequently develop in childhood. One in every 1000 develops the symptoms of polycystic renal disease. In childhood, an autosomal recessive version of polycystic renal disease kindle also develop. The child may develop severe symptoms along with renal failure with a lethal outcome. Lung function insufficiency is another frequent complication that can root in death.The common symptoms of polycystic renal disease include abdominal pain, abdominal swelling, presence of blood in urine, flank pain, excessive passage of urine, drowsiness, hypertension, reciprocal pain and swelling, nail defects, cysts in other portions of the body such as testis, liver and pancreas, colon defects, swelling of the kidneys, bile duct defects, portal hypertension, fibrosis, outlook abnormalities, kidney stones, anaemia, frequent urinary tract infections, renal failure, liver failure, rupture and expel of the cysts, etc. The child has a positive family history of polycystic renal disorder.The pick out manner in which multiple cysts are formed in the kidney is not understood clearly. However, a genetic cause has been outlined. Once the kidney cysts are formed, they head for the hills to swell, resulting in deterioration of the kidney function. The individual develops several symptoms (Silberberg, 2007). Renal agenesis is a condition in which the kidneys fail to develop. It can occur unilaterally as well as bilaterally. In the bilateral form, several other conditions such as pulmonary hypoplasia, oligohydramnios, facial defects, limb abnormalities, etc, occur resulting in shameful outcomes.In the unilateral form, the individual develops trigone and ureteral orifice defects, absence of the ureter, etc. This form is less severe compared to the bilateral version. The individual can survive provided the kidney function is managed appropriately (Merck, 2005). Dupl ication anomalies are conditions in which the individual develops extra appeal systems. This may affect one kidney or both, and may involve the ureter, calyx, ureteral orifice and the renal pelvis. These conditions have to be treated very carefully depending on the tip to which function is affected (Merck, 2005).Fusion anomalies are conditions in which the kidneys are united to one another. However, the ureters are separate and enter the bladder on either side. Several conditions such as vesicoureteral reflux, congenital renal cystic dysplasia, etc, tend to occur more frequently with fusion anomalies. A condition known as horseshoe kidneys is characterised by the fusion of the renal parenchyma bilaterally. It is one of the nigh common kidney fusion abnormalities. The ureters tend to function normally. Sometimes the point at which the renal pelvis is united to the ureter is abnormal resulting in urinary obstruction.The second most common kidney union anomaly is crossed fused renal ectopia in which the kidneys are present on one of the body, and the ureter crosses the midline of the body and empties into the bladder of the either side. Pancake kidney or fused pelvic kidney is a condition in which the kidney is single or fused and is emptied into 2 ureters and collecting systems (Merck, 2005). In multicystic dysplastic kidney, the kidneys consist of multiple cysts, cartilage, primitive tubules, and multiple cysts. The individual develops several symptoms such as infection, swelling, hypertension, etc.Renal dysplasia is a condition in which the renal tubules, vasculature, collecting tubules, etc, develop abnormally, resulting in distortion of the normal kidney function. In renal ectopia, the kidneys are not placed in their exact anatomical position resulting in several problems such as obstruction. Renal hypoplasia is a condition in which the ureteral bud gives rise to an underdeveloped and small kidney. However, the size of the nephrons is normal. The individu al can develop hypertension (Merck, 2005). Ureterocele is a condition in which the ureter is enlarged at the point it is inserted into the bladder.At this point, the flow of urine into the bladder is seriously affected resulting in obstruction and hydronephrosis. In neurogenic bladder, due to a defect in the spine at the lumbosacral region, the nerves that supply the bladder are affected resulting in improper drainage of the bladder. The individual is at a risk of developing several problems such vesicureteral reflux, infection, renal hypertension, scarring, renal failure, etc. Hydronephrosis is a condition in which the ureter and the collecting system are dilated (Conley, 2007).ReferencesCharytan, D. M. (2006). Congenital nephrotic syndrome. Retrieved on January 26, 2008, from Medline Plus sack site http//wwwils.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001576.htmConley, S. B. (2007). Congenital kidney diseases. Retrieved on January 26, 2008, from Alberta University Web site http//cnse rver0.nkf.med.ualberta.ca/nephkids/congdiseases.htmMerck (2005). Renal Anomalies. Retrieved on January 26, 2008, from Merck Web site http//www.merck.com/mmpe/sec19/ch290/ch290b.htmlNanda, R. (2006). Wilms tumor. Retrieved on January 26, 2008, from Medline Plus Web site http//wwwils.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001575.htmSilberberg, C. (2007). Polycystic kidney disease. Retrieved on January 26, 2008, from Medline Plus Web site http//wwwils.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000502.htm